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TOEFL Sample Essays: Test of Written English
IELTS Sample Essays: Writing task 2

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你同意不同意? 你赞成不赞成? 托福常见题型. TOEFL Topics

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Or write to englishcomposition@hotmail.com


托福作文本185考古题, 有一半以上是属于辩论题. 两种相对的观点做比较. 举例如下--

>钱该花在哪里?

What is more important when spending money?

甲--发展电脑科技
乙--花在基本需要

1--太空探测月球
2--地球上的基本需要

甲--为学生买电脑
乙--为图书馆买书

Which would you prefer?

>你同意那一种看法
1--自己学习
2--有老师教

甲--中学男女合校
乙--男女分校

1--强調学生多读文史
2--科学数学

甲--自己自修
乙--与同学们在一起读书

1--讓孩子们在城市长大
2--在乡下长大比较好比

甲--大学里建商业研究中心

乙--建农业中心

1--度假

2--买车

甲--买房

乙--创业

1--艺术家对社会贡献大

2--科学家对社会贡献大案

甲--同学们的影响大

乙--父母亲的影响大

1--儿童该多读书

2--儿童该多游戏

甲--独自旅游

乙--有伴同游

1--早起早干活

2--晚起夜生活

甲--休闲在户外

乙--休闲在家里

1--住老式平房

2--住新建大楼

甲--学生住校舍

乙--学生住民房

1--看书比较好

2--看电视较好

甲--企业雇人终生职较好

乙--采用非终生职较好比

A frequent TOEFL topic type

托福常见题材型//建筑

It has been announced that a large shopping center may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

--a large shopping center

--a large factory

--a new restaurant

--a new movie theater

--a new high school

--a new university

--a military base

--a new hospital

Another tipical TOEFL writing topic

托福常见题材型>>人性特质

What are some important qualities of a good supervisor or boss? Use specific details and examples to explain why these qualities are important.

--a good boss

--a good neighbor

--a good friend

--a good co-worker

--a good room-mate

--a good parent

--a good class-mate

--a good son or daughter

--a good teacher

想象

假使...

If...

Imagine...

If you could..., what would you....

If you could invent something new, wht product would you develop? Use specific details to explain why...

If you could invent...

If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what...

If you were an employer,...

If you could travel back in time,...

If you could ask a famous person one question,...

If you could meet a famous entertainer or athelet,...

If you were asked to send one thing representing your country,...

Imagine you have the opportunity to visit a foreign country,...

Imagine you have received some land to use as you wish...

Imagine that you are preparing for a trip for a year...

媒体与名人--English Composition--Celebrities and Media

IELTS task 2 雅思作文
Writing topic 真题

Are famous people treated unfairly by the media? Should they be given more privacy, or the price of their fame an invasion into their private lives?


Outline 大纲

Thesis主题--most celebrities thrive on media-made fame
Structure结构--4 paragraphs
Content内容--
1. It is not as it seems.
2. Famous people are talents like shinning stars.
3. Famous people enjoy being seen in the spotlight.
4. All is fair with celebrities in journalism.


Sample essay 样稿
Created by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com
englishcomposition@hotmail.com


英文原作


The victim image of a celebrity is often not as it seems. I am inclined to think that celebrities looking for fame sometimes join forces with the media outlets to make everybody happy. To say that famous people are treated unfairely is to misunderstand celebrity behavior. Most likely, they are inviting it. Journalists-turn-paparazzis need to give the audience what they want in order to survive in the gossip world.

Celebrities are stars ready to shine to be seen. The rise of international celebrities in acting and popular music, in particular, is due in large part to the massive scale of the media industries, enabling celebrities to be viewed more often and in more places. Exposure of private lives to the public, intentionally or otherwise, is characteristic of the Hollywood obsession for fame, and then for money. And, with the possible exception of drugs, nothing is more habit-forming than money.

Privacy is a luxury most celebrities cannot afford. The last thing they would like to do is allow their names to be ignored and not to be heard anymore, like fading starlets. The reason is simple. A modest man or woman may be admired only when the public ever hear of him or her. They would rather pay a price of losing privacy for fame than be out of spotlight. The media outlets serve to boost the image of willing celebrities who must thrive on fame or infamy or both to be able to continue living in galaxies.

Such is my observation of celebrity hehavior which the media outlets put in the center of public attention along with important global issues. I believe that all is fair and well that ends well. Movie stars, singing stars as well as sports stars and political stars, once becoming public celebrities, are considered as public properties and must live public lives. It is as if driving on Sunset Boulevard, celebrities must know that is the street to stars.

Influence of Advertising 英文作文论商业广告English Essay

IELTS writing task 2 雅思作文真题

Advertising influences people's behavior in a negative way. Do you agree or disagree?


TOEFL TWE 托福作文真题
Test of Written English

Some people say that advertising encourages us to buy things we really do not need. Others say that advertisements tell us about new products that will improve our lives. Which viewpoint do you agree with? Use reasons and examples to support your answer.


Outline 大纲
Thesis主题--advertising does more good than harm
Structure结构--4 paragraphs
Content内容--

1. advertising is important to market functioning 广告有市场功能
2. negative influence 负面影响
3. good things about advertising 正面影响
4. Viewpoint: I don't agree that advertising is negative influence 个人观点，不同意广告的负面影响说法


Sample writing 样稿原作，请勿转载
Created by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com
englishcomposition@hotmail.com



Seeing only negative points about advertising is as if looking a few trees without seeing an entire forest behind, which is the power of advertisements. There is no denying the influence of advertising on people's behavior, so much so that an average person may come across hundreds of advertisements almost everyday. Advertising provides useful information to potential consumers selecting new products or services. To buy or not to buy is the choice of customers. Advertising is not to blame. In my view, there are more good things about modern advertising than meets the eye.

That some people say advertising does more harm than good should come as no surprise. There is a feeling about the public perception of advertising increasingly becoming negative. Indeed, some advertisements prove too good to be true, or too persuasive to be ignored. Often, consumers are motivated to purchase products or services they really do not need. That could mean false information making goods more expensive. What is really bothering is same advertisements being repeated every 10 minutes or so. And this, I believe, is a boredom with which few, if any, can put up.

No doubt, the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising rather than the real needs of society in which they are sold. Usually this is a result of impulsive buying. As a general rule, advertisements tell the public about new things that may improve people's lives, ranging from food to clothes to tourism to medical care. Advertising promotes consumerism, which in turn pushes production, which creates more jobs. The cycle is virtuous. In fact, it works so magically that even governments and non-profit orgaizations are also resorting to advertising as a means to to inform people against flu attacks or HIV infections, to name only a few.

Many advertisements are entertaining, in addition to being mostly helpful and informative. It seems to me some are good to the point of being poetic. Many a time I have enjoyed advertisements immensely, thinking what an art it is of human intelligence good enough to get money through the sights and sounds of the mass media. It is out of my mind that some such advertisements could be harmful, expecially to small children. Anyway, those obvious negative effects may be controled and be forgiven because advertising has become a reality as well as a necessity in modern society.

..............................................................................................................

Essay by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh

All rights reserved

...............................................................................................................

IELTS Topic

类似考古题，七月雅思，又来一个。

比较二种观点。

Some people think that advertising is helpful and informative, while others think that advertising can provide false information and will make goods more expensive. Discuss both views.

科学家和艺术家Contributions of Scientists and Artists:English Essay

托福雅思作文考试，没有标准答案，只有答案标准。

TOEFL TWE 托福作文
Test of Written English

Writing topic--真题

It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued more by your society? Give specific reasons to support your answer.



Outline:大纲
Thesis主题--our society benefits from both scientists and artists
Structure结构--4 paragraphs
Content内容--focusing on thesis
1.起 our society benefits from scientists and artists in different ways
2.承 the contributions of artists
3.转 the contributions of scientists
4.合 the scientists are valued more in our materialistic society


Sample essay
Created by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com
englishcomposition@hotmail.com

样稿原作

It is hard to imagine our modern world would be like without the contributions of artists and scientists to society now and in the past. Arts of various forms have made emotional sense of mankind by providing spiritual beauty in harmony with nature. Science, in comparison, has discovered in part the truth about nature, bringing about many inventions changing the world into a different one.

Thanks to great masters of arts such as Michael Angelo, Vicente Van Gogh or Pablo Picasso, etc., our society has inherited valuable insights into the hearts of human beings. The contributions of artists to society since known history have been mainly spiritual. Since arts imitate life and nature, artists are holding mirrors to the inner nature where lies the meaning of life. The work of artists is subjective and idealistic as compared with the work of scientists, being objective and materialistic.

Scientists since ancient Greece to the 20th-century discovery of DNA have been engaged in searching for truth. Such crucial discoveries as the earth going around the sun by Galileo, the principle of gravity by Newton, the evolution of species by Darwin, and so on, have paved the way for modern science and technology we see today. As a result, communications are faster, labor less strenous, and life more enjoyable. No doubt, more discoveries are coming, bringing more benefits to society.

That the contributions of scientists are valued more today than those of artists is easy to understand. Ours is a materialistic society. Perhaps, there is also beauty about science. According to Albert Einstein, all great scientists are always artists. This statement could have been confirmed by Leonardo da Vinci. Or, by other masters in scienece or arts or both. Great minds think alike.

本篇原文，尚未经修改。请勿转载。

English Essay about Childhood-Adulthood 托福谈成年未成年

TOEFL TWE
Test of Written English

Writing topic

People recognize a difference between children and adults. What events--experiences or ceremonies--make a child an adult? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.


Outline 大纲

Thesis主题--the difference between childhood and adulthood is measured by age and mentality
Structure结构--4 paragraphs, focusing on thesis
Content内容--reasons and examples supporting thesis

1.起 ages are celebrated by ceremonies in life, and mental maturity through experiences
2.承 ceremonies mark stages of life
3.转 experiences quide childhood to adulthood
4.合the state of mind always allows childhood to stay in adulthood


Sample essay: 样稿

Created by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh

www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com

englishcomposition@hotmail.com


Original writing: 原作



Age is a period of time as well as a state of mind. It is physically recognizable between children and adults. But that is more than we can say for immature minds and mature minds. There are ceremonies such as birthdays and baptism to mark physical life from stage to stage, while it takes experiences in experiments characterized by confusion in no-longer childhood and not-yet adulthood. This confusing period of prolonged adolescence witnesses a child becoming a man or a woman.

Teenagers are adolecents clearly marked in ages from 13 to 19, apparently time enough to find their way to adulthood. It happens to be the most difficult, if not the most important stage of life, being a transitional period for physical changes which are to leave childhood behind. During this prolonged period, it is generally agreed that girls tend to advance physically faster than boys into adulthood because of biological differences. That transformation is, of course, easier to tell than what is less obvious: maturity.

The immature minds of adults-to-be show a lack of experiences in being responsible for themselves and for others around them. Maturity grows up along with responsibility. The carefree childhood seemingly has to disappear, giving way for adulthood to enter into life. When the time comes, young minds become ready to face an adult life on their own, independent of the protection of their parents. That is, the child turns into the adult.

In fact, childhood never dies in adulthood. It just fades away. This is particularly true of the period of adolescence moving from the stage of childhood to the stage of adulthood. Now crying like children, now dreaming to conquer the complexity of life like grown-ups. In later stages of life as a journey, being sometimes childish in adulthood does nothing wrong to maturity. Human beings grow old. But it does not mean having to lose innocence altogether.

English Essay about Bad Parenting 雅思谈儿女之罪，父母之过

IELTS Writing task 2
Topic 雅思作文真题

If children behave badly, should their parents accept responsibility and be also punished?
子女犯法，应也该怪罪其父母

Outline: 作文大纲
想的部分

Thesis主题--parents should be responsable for children's misbeavior
Structure结构--4 paragraphs
Content内容--
1. bad parenting often brings about juvenil deliquency
2. cause
3. effect
4. solution


Sample Essay
Created by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com
englishcomposition@hotmail.com



写英文的部分
用语用句用字


Bad parenting often brings about bad results: children behaving badly. Many problems of juvenile deliquency may end nowhere, but almost always start at home. The argument that teenagers, being confused and having immature minds, are by law excused from being punished as adults is worthy of further examination. Furthermore, where are the adults who father them?

The cause of juvenil deliquency is contributed to by various factors. It seems that all at once every sector has its share of responsability, with the ironic exception of teenagers themselves. To avert the rising tide of crimes committed by youth, government organzations, social assistance agencies, psychology experts, sports groups, courts, churches and what not all join forces, apparently leaving the very parents of evil-doers far behind. Parents are sometimes even ignorant of what children are hiding, let alone seeing to it that kids are doing all right. On the other hand, the current judicial system provides special status and treatment for young offenders. Their idendities are protected and their records are barred from public view. That comes very near to immunity.

Parents are of course to blame, at least in part, for the dreadful effect of juvenile deliquency. A basic question is how a juvenile has become a deliquent? The answer may refer to where a juvenile deliquent has come into existence. Some such parents are as confused and immature as their kids going astray. They fail to tell whether teenagers have problems or are problems. As a result, some parents are not ready to believe their kids being capable of getting trouble with the law.

In view of parental responsibility, punishment of some kind must apply accordingly. It is true that criminalizing parents is not the best thing to do. But one also wonders if it should be a natural job for parents to train children the right way, instill values of good bevavior, or simply set good examples. Children follow examples. They see, hear, learn. As a conclusion, I think bad parenting is no less a sin than juveinile deliquency. Parents certainly have their share of moral, if not legal, responsaility from beginning to end. For now, they should be obliged to pay a certain price for damage done by their kids to society. Personally, I would recommend that names of irresponsable adults be identified just to show what kind of parents they are?

雅思作文谈拍好电影 What factors contribute to a good movie?

IELTS writing task 2

Topic: 雅思真题

In your opinion, what factors contribute to a good movie?
论好电影具备的因素

Sample writing 样稿
Created by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com

englishcomposition@hotmail.com


Outline: 大纲
Thesis主题: A good movie is made to make audience feel and think, and is directed with great style.
Structure结构: 4 paragraphs
Content内容：
1. Telling a story with good style makes people feel and think deeply.有好风格的电影能使观众既感动又深思
2. Feeling 造感动
2. Thinking 造深思
3. Message or theme is sent with artistic style. 表达主题具高度风格


Essay 原作


Every movie has a story to tell. A good movie tells a story with good style. It is important that movie-goers can feel emotionally at sight and, after that, can think deeply about the story. The rest about the making of a movie is common sense. Like a novel, a movie is supposed to have a theme or message, a plot or script, characters or actors and actresses, and actions leading to a climax falling suddenly after a series of conflicts and suspenses. The modern film industry dominated by Hollywood adds special effects to sight of scenery and sound of music, and lots of money,too. However, no one knows what other factors contribute to a good movie than a good director.

Just how good is a movie is first of all a matter of feeling. The feeling must be independent of box-office success or failure, and of film critics whose opinions have often become the mainstream. A good movie can make people laugh, cry or panic. The feeling may find expressions in different emotions to various degrees, touching hearts of many in unity with the message of the film. Failing that factor, the story cannot not make but break. It is because a good movie appeals to mutual feeling among sensitive hearts.

Likewise, a really good movie, once seen, is not easy to be forgotten as it causes audience to think profoundly hereafter. This phenomenon turns to be a dramatic factor for a good story about the unpredictibility of incidents and actions facing characters. It goes to prove that movies as art imitate life, not very unlike holding a mirror to life itself. The theme of a good movie therefore becomes a constant message haunting sensible minds long after sensitive emotions are gone.

A movie of artistic value is always illustrated in extraordinary style. I think this is unseen because art is a thing of magic. The key to great style is held by directors who are masters capable of making audience feel and think through presentation of their artistic masterpieces. That is probably why the value of a great movie endures.

English Essay about International Aid 雅思谈外援

Ielts writing task 2
Topic: 雅思真题
Discuss advantages and disadvantages of giving international aid to poor countries.


Outline: 想大纲

主题Thesis--more advantages, if improving both quantity and quality in aid.
结构Structure-- 4 paragraphs (supporting thesis and are supported by content.)
内容Content--
1.起 foreign aid in terms of quantity and quality 外援应重量重质
2.承 quantity in aid not enough 金额不足
3.转 quality in aid with defects 操作品质低
4.合 creative measures to improve both quantity and quality in aid 以新方式改善量质


Sample Essay: 原作
Created by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
englishcomposition@hotmail.com
www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com

英文写作部分>

The voluntary flow of public resources from rich to poor is a cause not only humanitarian but also noble. It has been unanimously agreed that no efforts should be spared to help free men, women and children from the dehumanizing conditions of extreme poverty coupled with hunger and major diseases that afflict humanity. The advantages of giving international aid are obvious. The issue is not "why," but "how." That is, how to increase both quantity and quality of foreign aid.

There is a problem about the quantity of aid donated from the developed countries. Roughly billions of dollars has been given yearly to the developing countries, most of them to Africa. But the amount seems not enough. To be enough, it is estimated that, among the wealthy countries, for each dollar earned, at least 0.7 cents must be donated in aid. A few countries reach the goal. Others are left behind. This being the case, there is a long way before extremely needy populations coming out of miserable living conditions.

Another problem is about the quality in aid. One cannot help but feeling that something may be wrong either on the side of donors or the recipients, or both. There have been scandals about the fund not being wisely and correctly used or simply being deposited into private bank accounts by corrupt government officials in charge. On the other hand, there are no secrets as to the motivations of donors far from being noble. More often than not, shoe-strings are tied to access to natural resources, political influences and military presence. No wonder, then, voices of complaints are rising against what many fear is a new form of colonism which would do more harm than good.

One fact remains clear. It must leave no room for doubt that more quantity and better quality in aid are desirable. Thus, the international aid should take more and new forms than providing cash in grants and loans. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) should see to it that goodwill be changed into good benefits for right people. The well-to-do countries as well as private sectors should join forces to get directly involved in creating more rewarding measures to guide the have-nots to live a more decent life. In so doing, the foreign aid may sound humanitarian and noble at once.

English Essay about Capital Punishment 雅思谈死刑

IELTS writing task 2
Topic: Should capital punishment be abolished?
应该不应该取消死刑？

Sample Essay 样稿
Created by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
englishcomposition@hotmail.com
www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com

主题》赞成不取消死刑
结构》四段连贯
内容》支持主题
1.起-- 死刑造成两面争议
2.承-- 赞成取消
3 转--反对取消
4.合-- 不能取消，但须公平审判



英文原作

Âbout capital punishment, two cases may be made. One is made on justice and the nature of a moral community. The second is based on love and the nature of an ideal spiritual community. The question has been debated for centuries. But the controversy remains: to abolish the death penalty or not to abolish it? And under what circumstances?

The rejection of capital punishment is actively voiced by mostly human rights and religious sectors. They recommend "life without parole" as a humane alternative. For them, it is not acceptable to execute a person, the practice being the old-fashioned "an-eye-for-an-eye" principle. A life term should be introduced instead because, they hold, the execution is contrary to humane love for life. The death penalty alone as a judicial measure does little to prevent crimes from taking place. Increasingly, this voice has been gaining votes. As such, at present more than 60 percent of the countries and states, including the European Union, have ruled out the practice.

The defense of capital punishment, on the other hand, has an opposite argument. The death penalty has in the past practiced in virtually every society, serving as a real deterrance to serious crimes. The logic is obvious. It removes the worst criminals from society and should prove much safer for the rest of society than long-term or permanent incanceration. It is self-evident that dead criminals cannot commite any further crimes, either within prisons or after escaping or after being released from it. According to the pro-capital punishment sectors, the execution, better sooner than later, makes economic sense as well because of the huge cost involved in long keeping dangerous criminals in jail.

In my view, capital punishment must be considered a "necessary evil." The death penalty must still apply even in modern society, but in a different manner--the guarantee of a fair and careful trial. Once convicted, however, horrible killers, series rapers, and other dangerous criminals, such as trapped in big-time drug trafficking and trigger-happy gangsters, do not deserve a prolonged life. Of course, it should not be like hanging high the severed head in the market place. Frankly, I always have doubts about any form of "rehabilitative" or "corrective" measure. Only I believe in a proper trial to see justice done. Finally, circumstances matter. It is always advisable to distinguish between really dreadful crimes and those crimes, while still homicide, are much more understandable.

English Essay: Biodiversity--Save the Planet 环保救地球

Writing Topic: Ecosystem-the earth is in danger 主题

Structure 4 paragraphs 结构

内容分4段，起承转合
1. Human beings are threatening the planet
2. Wild-life species face mass distinction
3. Pollution causes global warming
4. Save the planet now


Essay 作者
by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
englishcomposition@hotmail.com
www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com

Sample Essay: 样稿



Should human beings be in for survival problems, probably they could have only themselves to blame. Until recently no one thought that human actions could affect the world on a global scale. Some scientists now believe that for the first time in recorded history such actions are occurring. Chief among them are threats to wildlife and man-made pollution.

The ecosystem with its wildlife is at risks. It is difficult to calculate how many species of plants and animals on earth have been wiped out and killed off since the Industrial Revolution. And how many others disappearing at an alarming rate may face extinction because of deforestation and hunting. It is as if anything humans touch is doomed. The biodiversity--living things and the relationships among them--demands attention. If little or nothing is done to avert the situation, humankind as species may also be doomed.

Humankind's collective impact also finds expression in mass pollution, accounting for mass extinction of wildlife in rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. Thanks mainly to industrialization, no small a part of our environment has been containminated. The effect is disastrous, endanging all species, including human beings. To make things worse, pollution of gases such as carbon dioxide from automobiles and factories produces ozone-depletion in a phenomenon known as greehouse effect. This phenomenon is said to be directly related to global warming. The result is climate change, creating severe floods and droughts on the planet. Experts warn that global warming is threatening the earth by raising sea levels and pushing temperatures higher.

Protecting the natural mechanisms and preventing pollution are two hard tasks for human beings to deal with. In certain fields, too little is done too late. However, the good news is that there is an increasing awareness of the dangers human beings are in. An urgent commitment is needed to save nature for nature's sake. Otherwise, the way to eventual doom may be sure, although slow. It is not unlike pulling bricks from a big wall. Human beings may keep doing it until the wall suddenly collapses.

IELTS Essay about Fashion 谈流行时尚

IELTS writing task 2
Topic

In some countries people are strongly influenced by fashion, such as clothing and hairstyle. What in your opinion attracts people to fashion? Is this a positive or negative development?


Sample Essay
created by englishcomposition@hotmail.com
for www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com


Fashion comes and goes, keeping steps wih the evolution of society. What attracts people to fashion is as much as a human nature to look good as a necessity to catch up with the mainstream. To say such a development is positive or negative to society, in my opinion, is pointless. Fashion is always as fashion does. It just happens.

The influence of fashion is a mirror to society in evolution, with steps quicker now than in the past. Society, as changing, looks for the newest and, if economically possible, the best. So, naturally, people want the latest in clothes and the greatest in hairstyle, among other fashion tendencies. When one looks at the evolution of fashion, it is plain to see that it advances as all things do--technology, ideas, working conditions, etc. The attraction to look right is next to inevitable, especially to better-off people, particularly women.

That that attraction is good or bad is not a problem to worry about because right fashion never goes out of style. Right fashion just fades away, only to return again, to reflect the nostalgic, if not evolutionary society, particularly after the Industrial Revolution. Before the modernization of fashion industry, trends and styles did not change as often as they do today. Based on this observation, I hold the logic that, although people may be strongly influenced by fashion, it is the society that gives rise to fashion.

As a conclusion, it makes sense that the way people dress and adorn themselves changes to fit social evolution which in part is associated with celebrities. However, I could not fail to notice the mainstream of this time-- tighter fit clothing and longer hair for men and women alike. As a general rule, fashion goes with prevailing culture of society. Subculture, like teen fashion or punk fashion, exists only to prove the rule.

Global Warming: English Composition 地球升温

Topic:

The Impact of Global Warming on Our Planet
地球升温对世界的影响


by englishcomposition@hotmail.com

Note: 注意
Thesis--cause, effect, solution of global warming 主题--升温之因果与解决之途径
Content organized in 4 paragraphs: 内容放在4段的结构上
1. The earth faces global warming. 地球面临升温
2. Effect 影响
3. Cause 原因
4. Solution 解决
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Essay: 样文



Our planet has a problem. It's getting warmer without having been noticed until more recently. Scientists mostly agree that global warming is alarming, warning that, unless joined actions are taken without delay, human beings could face danger of extinction probably within this millenium. It's now known, at least in part, the cause and effect of this phenomenon known as greenhouse effect. Many countries are involved in looking for solutions.

The effect of such a phenomenon has become a world-wide concern. Some climate changes are too obvious to be ignored. Whatever its causes, global warming may have contributed to more extreme weather from droughts to severe floods. Scientists have found the gradual shrinkage of ice shelves in Antarctica. They say that several ice shelves have retreated and collapsed in the past 50 years. As a consequence, sea levels are rising through the thermal expansion of water and the melting of glaciers around the world.

Ozone depletion has been held accountable for the cause. For roughly a billion years, scientists say, the ozone layer of the earth's atmosphere has shielded our planet from the sun's ultraviolet rays. Thanks to human beings' industrialization and modernization, plus pollution of millions of automobiles, gases and other man-made chemical compounds have punched a hole twice the size of Europe over Antarctica. Our world is now less protected than it used to be before the Industrial Revolution.

Fortunately, there is an increasing awareness of the problem of pollution as a result of human activity. As of 1997 more than 160 countries had signed the Montreal Protocol, committing to cut use of CFCs in half. Since then concentrations of ozone-depletion chemicals seem to have started decreasing. Another good news is that ozone-depletion is said to be reversible, meaning the ozone layer may even return to its original state sometime in the future. If not, human beings have only themselves to blame.

教战守则，专攻作文 Strategy about English Composition

攻克雅思和托福作文的战略》A Winning Strategy

写作和打仗是两回事，风马牛不相及。为了加强印象，我勉强拿二者打比方，说明4段作文结构，起承转合的使用。写作文的时候，用语用句用字如用兵。

1。阅兵》Introduction第一段起开头。设主将如主题。兵士充内容。派兵遣将。宣告战线。
2。出兵》Body第二段承主题进军。展示例证，支持主题。听从主将。
3。增兵》Body第三段转求更多例证，支持主题。听从主将。
4。收兵》Conclusion第四段合两路兵士回营。重申主题。回报主将。

用兵之先，贵在练兵。作文之预备贵在操练阅读，文法，翻译，写作。何故？

阅读带动作文。是军粮。Reading powers writing.
文法管制作文。是军规。Grammar controls writing.
翻译引导作文。是军旗。Translating guides writing.
写作刺激作文。是军心。Writing stimulates writing.

进而言之，文法即军法，严密广泛，包含用语用句用字。

用语》修辞，语言生动。rhetoric: language effectiveness
用句》句型，句型变化。syntax: sentence variety
用字》字库，用字恰当。lexicon: apropriate word choice

复习--

应付托福和雅思的作文，分二部分》

想的部分--主题，结构，内容。可采英文加中文。因人而异。
写的部分--用语，用句，用字。必定英文减中文。道地英语。

A Good Boss: TWE Topic 托福谈好上司

TOEFL
Test of Written English
Writing Topic


What are some important qualities of a good supervisor (boss)? Use specific details and examples to explain why these qualities are important.
论好上司有那几种重要特质。

分四段写》

1。所谓好上司，不过是话多声大而已。

2。话多则显得聪明。

3。声大则唬人。

4。上司的缺点被隐藏。

Sample Essay: by englishcomposition@hotmail.com

www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com

A good boss or supervisor is hard to understand. The positive qualities and negative ones are usually mixed in what is known as leadership. However, we believe there are some reasons behind leadership. From my personal observations, the two outstanding qualities about a good boss is simply the need to speak more and louder.

Having more options to deal with an issue seems a quality born with a leader. To achieve that, he or she need to talk more. Doing most of the talk is a means to the end. The formula is to present a solo show at many an event. Nowadays, possessing more opinions and ideas never fails to impress others. Thus, a boss appears more intelligent, if not exactly wiser. After everything has been said, almost by the boss alone, nobody else has anything more to add or comment. Then, the meeting ends. The only decision is made by the boss only, coming as no surprise to anybody.

Loudership may turn out to be leadership as well. Not only a boss likes to speak more, but also to speak louder. The power of a speaker figuratively and literally cannot be overestimated. When it comes to speaking, a leader often does the shouting instead. A loud voice always carries weight. It doesn't really matter so much what is said as how it is said. Neither is it essential that such a boss actually makes more sound than sense. This often being the case, we are led to believe what is important is the singer, not the song.

As a matter of fact, no boss, even a good one, must be perfect. The strange thing is that the defects, however serious, are usually less obvious. Negative qualities, if any, become suddenly hidden outside the spotlight where the boss stands alone, larger than life, talking freely as if singing endlessly, and of couse, louder than the speaker itself. So silent is the audience in the shadow.

A Good Neighbor--TOEFL Topic 托福谈好邻居

Test of Written English
TOEFL
论好邻居的特质


Neighbors are people who live near us. In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good neighbor? Use specific details and examples in your answer.

Answer--Sample Essay
样稿

主题》好邻居要互助互谅
结构》4段
内容》
1。邻居贵互相
2。互助
3。互谅
4。远亲不如近邻



Being a good neighbor is a matter of mutual feeling among people living within shouting distance. It is simple to be a good neighbor. All you have to do is to help and understand folks you greet by their first names. In my opinion, mutual-help and mutual-understanding are small details that make big differene between good neighbors and not-so-good ones.

The qualities of a good neighbor are best seen in mutual-help in community life. Since they are no strangers, neighbors normally fall into friends. But what friends are for if they do not help one another? There is a sense of we-feeling that prevails for all seasons. Good neighbors are ready to help when others in need. All of them, by coincidence, have been put in the same boat. It is one for all and all for one. Small help works wonders, like doing baby-sitting or shopping milk for housewives next door.

A good neighbor is supposd to be understanding to others. Good neighbors are willing to share happiness and pains to some extent. They listen to problems and are listened to. Kids play while parents are gossiping about scandals and weather. There is nothing formal within limits of mutual-understanding. Even the regular mischief in your backyard, of dogs and cats belonging to neighbors, is easily forgiven. Good neighbors do that.

More often than not, a good neighborhood is not unlike a very big family. When it comes to occasional conflicts, good neighbors are inclined to accept the lack of conformities as they are. Other times, they are just doing well as neighbors. And I am convinced that good neighbors as such are better than distant relatives.

E-book for TOEFL IELTS Writing 大小作文

托福雅思》大小作文

欢迎大家提供意见，合作把教材编写得更实用

通信教材全部原作，供应国内外读者准备自修

英文中文交替讲解，修辞句型字库之作文技巧

线写线改大小作文，代写代编代翻代答考古题

For Chinese-speaking students about to sit for the TOEFL or IELTS
给中文为母语的学生，预备托福或雅思的作文考试



A Sketch of Teaching Material:
教材大要

第一章
I. Integral Exercise 综合练习
--reading 阅读
--grammar 文法
--translating 翻译
--writing 写作


第二章
II. Essay Outline 作文构思
--thesis well focused 主题焦点
--structure well organized 四段结构
--content well supported 内容支持


第三章
III. Written English 英文写作
--rethoric: language effectiveness 用语
--syntax: sentence variety 用句
--lexicon: appropriate word choice 用字


第四章
IV. Writing Topics 考古题分析
--TOEFL: Test of Written English 托福大作文
--IELTS: Writing task 2 雅思大作文


第五章
V. Sample Essays 论文样稿
--TOEFL 托福
--IELTS 雅思


第六章
VI. Writing Task 1 小作文
--TOEFL 托福
--IELTS 雅思

TWE Topic: A Teacher 托福谈教师

托福作文真题
Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer?

构思笔记。主题》有老师更好。结构四段。内容如下+
Note--an outline for 4 paragraphs, each beginning with a topic sentence.
1. The importance of having a teacher should not be underestimated.
2. Here are some problems about the immature minds learning all by themselves.
3. The crucial issue lies in being human.
4. The basic role of a teacher remains the the same as it used to be.


Sample writing:


The importance of having a teacher should not be underestimated. Some people who think they can learn better all by themselves tend to mistake information for education. Education matters. It is not complete without schools, and along with them, teachers. True enough, modern technology and the inernet can make much of information easily accessible, with or without teachers around. It is also true that self-learning is essential as well in so far as it is part and parcel of education.

Here are some problems about immature minds learning all by themselves. For one thing, I think most of them are confused, as if trapped in the middle of nowhere. A teacher doubles as a guide. Indeed, teachers of different disciplines help map the realm of knowledge for students to follow. Also, as children of school ages are usually playful and even mischief-making, teachers are indispensable like parents at home, to see to it that the kids are all right in studying. Furthermore, learning without having a teacher is not very unlike dancing alone. It takes two to tango.

The crucial issue lies in human nature. It is human to be interactive. In the absence of a teacher, face-to-face contact may be missing. What is lost has much to do with the emotional quality among the youth. On their way to reach maturity, boys and girls must develop their emotion quality and intelligence quality simultaneously. Powerful as the internet is, sitting in front of a computer screen is nothing like having a teacher being human.

The role of a teacher, therefore, remains basically the same as it used to be. Even time has changed, the old wisdom about education still applies. Now as ever, a teacher, I believe, is supposed to underline the principle, to illustrate knowledge, and last but not least, to explain doubts about emotional life. Such is the concept of a teacher, accordingly to the great Chinese sage Confucius. I further believe that the enduring value of having a teacher is nothing less than making sense of education itself.

Sample Essay: A Large Shopping Center 托福作文

TOEFL TWE Topic

It has recently been announced that a large shopping center may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why?

Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--a new hospital

--a military base

--a new hospital

--a new movie center

--a new high school

--a new university

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TWE Sample Essay

e

Created by englishcomposition@hotmail.com

Yes is the answer. I support any construction plan that serves to wake up my sleepy neighborhood. That there will be a large shopping center near where I live is good news. It means progress. And where is progress, there is money to make. We have been waiting for a change to come to re-shape our community. The change will soon be here. It is too good to be true.

I have not seen a major change in my neighborhood for years. The streets remain motionless. Most residents are being bored and helpless. The night, it seems to me, falls earlier here than elsewhere. A sense of idleness prevails as if to last forever. Not a few neighbors I know have found it hard to find a job near home. It is no secret that some could not have their ends meet. So, what news is more encouraging than building a large shopping center, here and now?

Benifits are plenty. Even when the construction is just underway, we shall see people coming, including construction workers, and spending money in front of us. Some small service shops and drugstores, closed for years, will open again. Vacant rooms can be rented for bed-and-breakfast. Jobless neighbors are likely to be employed, too. After its inauguration, the shopping mall shall attract shoppers far and near. Our properties will be worth much more. We are going to be better-off.

Most younger neighbors support the building project as I do. Nevertheless, voices to the contrary are heard, apparently from older people making a romantic sense of their regret.

The loss of tranquility they used to enjoy enormously is an intolerable loss, indeed. Such nostalgia shall be overcome through time. A brighter future is on the way.

What do you want most in a friend? 托福谈交友

TOEFL TWE Topic:

What do you want most in a friend? Someone who is intelligent, or someone who has a sense of humor, or someone who is reliable? Which one of these characterisitics is most important to you? Use reasons and specific examples to explain your choice.


Sample Essay: by englishcomposition@hotmail.com



A reliable friend is hard to find and is therefore more valuable. Neither intelligence nor a sense of humor can be as important as being reliable, when it comes to choosing a friend or friends. However, I think I love company of people of mixed characteristics, not having many experiences in life. It is yet to be found who among others is trust-worthy in the long run.

Not that someone who is intelligent is not reliable. Nor someone who has a sense of humor is far from reliable. Being friends is mostly a result of circumstances without having to analyze such
major characteristics beforehand. As far as I can understand, little is known about the logic of what friendship is made of. But I would like to believe a friend worthy of trust finally stands out as very desirable, being very few.

It is human to be different in kinds. Friends are many a thing. They are made rather than born for each other. What I want most in a friend is the feeling of mutual trust. Everything is considered said and done. That sort of feeling is like no other. In view of this, intelligence and a sense of humor are secondary.

I hope that reliability endures like love. Life is more beautiful with love and trust. And I cannot help enjoying humors as the best medicine to make light of the stress and pain of everyday life. I also need intelligent advice to solve the puzzle of problems facing me. More than that, I want the support of friends I trust.

English Essays: 老方法，新教材，专攻作文

托福和雅思的作文考古题，不难收集或加增。中文与英文网页上，多位名师不断分析讲解，相当精彩。比较起来，中师比外教更有话说。如果外教看懂中文，也会佩服。用中文讲解英文作文，并不碍事，而且听者容易吸收，效果不差。外教因不识汉语，心有余而力不足，无法完全让听者吸收。

英语阅读与写作与说听不同。前二者的学习方法是越老越好。后二者恰好相反，越新越好，外教的直接教法，当然是新鲜有效。网上视频中，我观察好几位英文母语外教，教材新颖，我很喜欢。不上补习班的同学，可以面对电脑银幕，头挂耳机，上免费课程。

读与写的磨练，基本上自修就行了。这是我的经验。所以我想了一套新教材，全面用老前辈治学之道，专攻阅读和写作。比方说，我鼓励学生读英汉对照的读物。可是，我建议先看中文，再读英文。用已知克不知，是知也。个中滋味，你们去领会。用中文学英文是避免不了的。老前辈们都知道。

作文的学习，第一天应从造句开始。我编的新教材属于综合造句，采填充式。兼记单词和片语于不觉中。基础的文法亦同时出现在句型变化中。我编辑的练习句，放眼托福和雅思的作文测验，所有的素材，都接近考试时用得上的活句，活字，活语。所言之教材，凡关键字皆附中文，免得学生常找词典。每天练10句。

第二步是同时的。每周读两篇精选短文助兴，加上写一篇四段起承转合的独立式作文。回归八股。主题就是会答问题。内容用中文暗力代工，翻译引导写作。文法的部份没有单独花时间的必要。只需要纳入阅读，翻译，写作的练习中就行了。反正大家都没有多余的时间。

欢饮来信讨论。

IELTS Essay: Criminals at Large 雅思样文谈罪犯出狱

大部分罪犯服刑之后即放虎归山。把危险犯人重新纳入社会的措施有无道理可言？



IELTS Sample Essay:



Created by englishcomposition@hotmail.com





IELTS Writing Task 2



Most criminals are set free once they finish their jail terms. Is the re-introduction of criminals in society justified? Place your view in no less than 250 words.







The re-introduction of criminals in society is a judicial as well as social issue worthy of debate. I should make it clear at the outset that I have nothing against criminals being set free once they finish their prison terms. Some of them deserve a second chance, as long as they are prepared to live an honest life. Others are contrary to our expectations.



Crimes and punishments, it seems to me, are out of steps. It is discouraging to know that a major part of dangerous criminals have proved to be immune to correction measures as punishments for their crimes. It is as if they have changed prison gates into revolving doors, in between their repeated jail terms.



That has given rise to a vicious cycle which makes neither social nor economic sense. It is a waste of the money of ordinary taxpayers hiring police to play cat-and-mouse with dangerous evil-doers hidden in the backyards of innocent people. Criminals are set free, caught again, free again, back to prisons again, out again, only to be caught again.

While they are roaming at large, the society is at risk, having many fearful days and sleepless nights.



I think that this situation is not very unlike putting the society to throw dice with security. The re-introduction of dangerous criminals is in for mixed results between good luck and bad luck for the society. Unless some critical rules of the game are changed in reverse, the society cannot be too careful, indeed, before the dice is thrown.

雅思作文谈核能 IELTS English Essay

IELTS

The threat of nuclear weapons maintains world peace. Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy. The benefits outweigh the disadvantages. Do you agree or disagree?


Sample Essay:




The nuclear science plays a double role as if in fiction. It can provide cheap and clean energy in peace, but it also mass-destroy human lives in war. Nuclear power would be a Dr. Jackyl. In contrast, nuclear weapons could be no other than Mr. Hyde. The two personalities are, of course, one and the same. The former is our hope, and the latter our fear.

Even peace is at hand, the shadow of a nuclear conflict seems only too real. Actually, the sense of doom in us today is not a fear of nuclear power. It is a fear of war. Nuclear weapons have the mechanism of war by threatening to kill more people more secretly and more horribly than those of the past. Hiroshima 1945 is vivid memory. The situation may have changed, however. Now more countries possess nuclear-bomb technology. Because there is no way to outlaw war, the only choice for a nation is to go nuclear, if it can. And here, I believe, lies a paradox. The nuclear weapons hidden in stock somewhere serve to maintain world peace by theory of counter-attack. In other words, it is Mr. Hyde vs. Mr. Hyde.

Psychologically, it is more comforting to hope that nuclear power, or Dr. Jackyl under disguise, to be around. At a time when the world is in keen need of energy to meet its rising demand, nuclear power plants should be an ideal solution. Moreover, it seems to me, other forms of generating electricity are facing limits. There is no turning back.

After all, nuclear know-how is not warlike. Rather, it is a by-product of a warlike society. The nuclear science has merely provided the means, for good or for bad, for Jackyl or Hyde. The world must seize it for good. For peace, I hope.

English Essay: Internet 托福 雅思作文谈网路

关于网路与科技的作文试题，雅思三篇，托福五篇，大同小异, 综合写成一篇样文。

The Internet and Technology


I love this modern world. There are a great number of inventions that have transformed our cities and countryside, and all walks of life. The internet, in particular, has brought convenience, connection, pleasure, and information to many, and complexity and stress to but a few. Still young, yet fast growing, the internet has turned the society into a different one from what our grandfathers used to know.

An important social change is easy access to so much valuable information online. Along with it is telecommuting, using computer technology. Another change is the wide-spreading celular phone, connecting anywhere, anytime with anyone on the planet and beyond. In only a decade, millions, if not billions, of users are engaged in such social reds as Facebook, twitter and what not, for distant social activities or just for the fun of it. E-mail, E-game, E-book, E-class, E-bank, all via internet, are increasingly popular. All these and more are good news to people called the generations A.C.--after computers. I enjoy the present enormously.

Some of these chnges sound bad news to a few not content with the negative effectets of the internet on our society, even our civilization as a whole. And not without reasons. For example, technology is making communication so much easier that many choose to work at home in front of a computer screen. There is danger in the coming decades for our society relying on computer screens rather than face-to-face contact for its main means of communication.

I cannot fail to see the internet and computer technology being the most important invention since, perhaps, electricity, to the benefit of the society.
Obviously, the advantages outweigh disadvantages. From another viewpoint, that computers have made life complex and stressful is understandable. Probably, it is the regret of the nostalgic past in so far as it represents the lost youth in the time B.C.--before computers. As for me, the internet, the new kid of modern technology, is all right. It works wonders. I love the kid.

TOFEL Topic: Success in Life 30 分钟作文

》有些人相信人一生的成功是由于冒险和碰运气。也有些人认为成功是源自谨慎计划。你为成功是因何而来？

》人之所以成功，那是因为辛勤工作。运气与成功有没有关系？

以上两题出自托福。除了谈成功，两题不一样。应该各写各的。为了好玩，我试用2合1回答。


Success is related to the theory of cause and effect. Careful planning plus hard work would usually bring fruit of success without unnecessarily taking risks and chances. Being lucky has much to do with success in the sense that good fortune and hard work often go side by side.

Nothing comes from nothing. It is unrealistic to sit idlely, waiting a great fortune to fall from nowhere. Life has a purpose which needs careful planning. People have to work to have ends meet. If being lucky means striking it rich, it does not happen everyday to everyone. It is easy to day-dream being a Bill Gates. But the story behind the success of Microsoft is told of careful planning rather than taking risks and chances.

What, then, is success made of? Money could be the easy answer, but money does not come easy. In terms of cause and effect, success is more logically measured by work rather than by luck. Likewise, by plan rather than by chance. After all, there are things money cannot buy. So, success must be defined in a more logical dimension.

Success, like happiness, is a state of feeling lucky to be able to work, to plan, and to love and be loved. In pursuit of happiness or scuccess, there is a long way to go. Being as lucky as becoming rich overnight is wishful-thinking. It does not make sense having lack of luck to blame for failure in life. That, too, seems to be too much of an easy answer.

www.toefl-ieltswriting.blogspot.com 托福雅思网志

有托福作文考古题一则：

有些人认为他们自修要比有老师教还好。另外有些人却认为有老师上课总是比较好。你比较喜欢那种看法？

》作文范文答案两套，已回复二位同学。两种不同的看法都行。重点在乎于构思合逻辑。这是一个辩论题，作者不论站在那个立场，也得提及相对立场的证词，加以比较优劣。在做结论的第四段，巧妙的反驳不同的观点，重申主题。

我的网志代表我个人对英文作文的意见。焦点放在托福和雅思的独立式作文。同行请多指教。

键盘中文打字，我刚学三个月，不太灵光。我习惯写繁体文，简体字很生疏。倒是英文或西班牙文，打字打得快。我住智利，使用中文的机会不多。借此网志，正好可以重修母语。人不能忘本。教英文是很久以前的事。网上重操旧业，是旧日的呼唤。

雅思和托福的作文题如此类似 TOEFL IELTS Alike

上次在网志一则中提及关于现代科技与网路是托福和雅思常见的考题。我指出雅思有三题，托福有五题，非常接近。现在有读者来信要求我列出来参考。以下我把真题用中文节录。英文原文，请你们自己从考古题中找。另有一位好奇者提出建议，问我是不是能干脆代写一篇作文，以一抵八。想来好像可以。我肯定会直接回复。

雅思三题--

》我们工作的方式因现代科技而改变，这样会对我们的社会有利。依你看，现代科技给我们的社会造成的影响达到什么程度？

》网路上班是指上班族留在家里工作。每星期中有机天利用电脑与办公室透过网路联络。未来几十年内，网路上班的现象必然在许多国家风行，预料多数办公室会大为采用。这种趋势可能对于社会造成何种影响？

》今日科技进步，通讯联络变得容易多了。正因如此，其代价是人对人的接触越来越少。许多人宁愿留在家里的电脑银幕前工作。如果这种情况成为主流，大家都留在家里工作，而失去面对面的接触，那么社会可能冒何样的风险？


托福五题：

》网路的发明已经对我们的文化造成负面的影响。你同意或不同意这种看法？

》人云电脑的风行却把生活变得复杂而具压迫感。你有何意见？

》科技的来临把世界变成更适合人类居住。你意见如何？

》人云网路为人类提供极有价值的资讯。人亦云，容易取得广大的资讯反而产生许多麻烦。你同意那种观点？

》21世纪已经到了。你认为这个新世纪会带来什么改变？

雅思作文 Sex Education: IELTS Writing Topic

Sex education in schools are only introducing conflicting ideas and confusing among immature minds and should be immediately stopped. Give your opinion in not less than 250 words.

Sample answer:

Sex education matters. Schools cannot afford not to continue giving orientations to boys and girls troubled by conflicting ideas. But there is another lesson to be learned about commitment rather than shame. Much of confusion about teenage sex could be avoided among immature minds if the barrier to the soluction is eleminated. How so?

The logic of the lesson is obvious. Teenage pregnancy is a problem. Birth-control is the solution. Shame is the barrier to applying the solution. Therefore, get rid of shame. Substitute it for commitment common in older generations. It is nothing less than sharing the wisdom of old-fashioned men and wives gained by keeping promises of the youth. In other words, the new sex ideology should protect teenagers from embarrassment by saying like this: If you feel ready, then, no problem.

But the big question is: really ready? Ready for what? Ready for conquest? Ready to quit studying?
Ready to be independent economically? Ready to bring a new life into the world? True enough, the new technology has taken away the worry of having children or even risking AIDS. Safe sex is good news, to be sure. However, behind that should be a true belief in the family values. Sex education is much more condoms and pills.

There is a danger of leaving sex to float around everybody´s life. Given that time has changed, the concept of free sex is harmful to immature minds. It used to be that people got married and then had sex. When the baby came, there was a place for it. That was then. And this is now when sex education should be about pre-marital sextual activities. In short, about a true commitment in the sense of good old value of love and trust. Such a commitment should be worth a ring.

4 段的关键句

1。性教育很重要。
2。有一个合逻辑的方式解决问题。
3。强调青少年的预备心态。
4。未婚在学男女，心智未成熟，教以信诺。

注解》

这一篇雅思式作文，原来是我代秦同学写的。争取他的同意，才在此网志发表。有好几位学生希望我代写范文，回答雅思与托福考题，我全照办。也有好几位要求我代翻英文，我还是照中文大意，改写成四段。线写线翻线改的服务是我的工作。

因人而异，我寄出的文稿也不相同，完全依照个人的英文写作程度。文稿当然是英文。说明则中英文皆用。此外，我欢迎学生问问题，可以用中文问。

youtube toefl ielts writing 有声课程 英文作文

回林同学的问题》


网上的视屏中，很容易找到你喜欢和你需要的有声教材。关键字打进谷歌搜索，意想得到的，意想不到的，尽在食指尖。有男女黑白老少教师分类分题指导，声图文并茂，你爱听看几遍，随心所欲。效果和补习班的名师讲解，各有千秋。免费上课，不亦乐乎。

我另外直接给你回信，挑出洋教李蓓伽和福德的有声教材，最为齐全。除了托福雅思写作，他们以及其他视屏老师一样，对于听说读方面的英语课程，同样的有精彩的表演。

准备雅思托福之类的英语测验--听讲读写--方式不一，有时无声胜有声，有时有声胜无声。两者并行，必有所成。

辅导作文考试是我喜欢的工作。有5套作文必胜模板，坚持4段作文。这足够5种题型。我写了起承转合4段的通用关键句。其它支持句就顺理组段成章了。

祝你月底的考试成功。

谢老师

www.ielts-blog.com www.scottsenglish.com 互联网

这网址长期寄出雅思考试的新信息。只要填上信箱地址，就会不断的收到资料。世界各地不同日期的雅思真题--听，讲，读，写--全都有。是免费。

我个人已经储存资料一年多了。如果读者要考古信息，直接向他们要。

该网站接收作文修改，每篇5美元。提供预备雅思考试的参考书，是卖钱的。好不好，不知道。我们大可利用免费利用考题。谢谢他们。收集那么齐全的资料的确不容易。

写作的部分是我阅读的的重点。他们也提供范文在网上，但参考价值不高。他们的作文题库，倒很珍贵。我已经整理出来了。加上我到处找考古真题的耐心，雅思作文题目应该不会有遗落。

为了看雅思参考资料在上网的人，免不了会遇到斯科特的英语成功互联网。据我所知，这是网上教学的同行中最大的网站。服务很好。学习英语，应付考试，解答问题，网上互动，样样俱到。选择在线用功者，如果考试日期不远，斯科特有一个月和两个月的课程选择。另外也出版不少刊物，你们不妨直接上网造访。我知道一位叫曼蒂，会回答你的问题。

中国人的英语学习网站可多了。有好的，有差不多的，也有不怎么样的。如果你写信问我，我就发表意见。也给网址。

中国雅思，朗阁，太傻，英语自修，英语考试，新航道，环球，新东方，免费英语，英语作文，非常，沪江，恒星，昂立，人民，北外，美加，地球村，时代国际，精英，剑桥台北，，，。

www.goodlucktoefl.com 托福学习网站

我很欣赏这个托福网址，尤其是作文的部分。国内补习班可以选录作文模板给学生参考。如果用这个模板应付大作文考试，必定合乎逻辑思考。

主题》就是回答问题。不要全抄题目用的字。最好用同义字，写出来才显得新鲜。
结构》建议5段。我喜欢4段。
内容》网上样稿，每篇都内容精彩。妙就妙在千篇一律，好学好记。应付考试，这才像是实用模板。

一篇表达意见的作文可以如此安排：4段就行了。

1。确定你的观点作为主题。说明主题的交点。预告你的观点是基于甲和已--社会观点和经济观点。》比方说。也可以提出其他观点，如学术观点，哲学观点，等等。》》》》》
2。从社会观点而言。》》》》》
3。从经济观点而言。》》》》》》
4。结论。用较强烈的话，重申主题。》》》》》


这是托福写作。应用到雅思作文也完全一样。请看


www.goodluckielts.com

5 topic types:

a. agree or disagree
b. preference
c. if-imaginary
d. description-explanation
e. comparison and contrast

阅读英文的方法：了解句型变化与结构 English Syntax

字典绝非万能。阅读的重点在句子，不在单字。

文法课本的八大词类，是狭义的文法。必须升级到用语用句用字的母语氺平。用句的要领在阅读时体会句子的组合。像一棵树，有树干，有枝桠。会阅读的人，一眼见主杆。初学者眼花缭乱，枝桠不分，不及找出树干。片片小枝桠，乱人心目，忙着查字典，可是里不断，查还乱。读书找不出乐趣，愁煞人也。知道阅读之妙者，深知其趣。单字从趣味中得来的是活字，在写作时能自然活用。没有一棵树是一样，就是句型变化。得道于树木组合之真理而望其规则生动，正等于学会修辞，笔下用语生动。

分析句子曾是我的乐趣。如果大家有兴趣，可寄来奇文共赏，听我讲解。

englishcomposition@hotmail.com

IELTS Topic--Sex Education 雅思作文模板

IELTS question: 学校的性教育课程是不是应该立即取消？



Sex education in schools are only introducing conflicting ideas and confusing among immature minds and should be immediately stopped. Give your opinion in not less than 250 words.



Answer?¿

Plan logically--3 aspects
thesis well focused on the importance of sex education.
structure well organized in 4 paragraphs.
content well supported by reasons and examples.

Then:

Write grammatically at rhetorical, syntactic and lexical levels--
language effectiveness
sentence variety
appropriate word choice

Brainstorming for ideas: 4 topic sentences

Topic sentence to start a paragraph--

1. Sex education matters now more than ever.
2. The logic to update sex education is obvious.
3. A number of questions arise.
4. Traditional family values should be emphasized to face a new reality facing sex-active teenagers.

For a complete sample essasy, write to

englishcomposition@hotmail.com
plan2write@hotmail.com
buxiban@hotmail.com

英文作文模板：起承转合 TOFEL Topic

托福大作文真题》托福

有人认为一生的成功是来自冒险和碰机会。也有人相信成功是谨慎计划的结果。依你之见，成功从何处而来？ 举出实例一支持你的答案。

答案：没有标准答案。我提出一个建议。结构上，我习惯用四段--起承转合。主题用谨慎计划为成功之本。内容的链接用模板关键句打造。

Topic sentence.

1。起--人要成功，我相信谨慎计划有胜于冒险碰机会。
2。承--我的看法是有道理的。
3。转--情况总有两面。
4。合--真实生活中，有一个明显的事实：事出有因。

A topic sentence is a key sentence about which other supporting sentences are built in the same paragraph.

1. Success, I believe, results from careful planning rather than taking risks and chances.
2. There are reasons about my belief.
3. The situation has more than one side.
4. One fact certainly remains clear--cause and effect.

For a complete sample essay, write to

englishcomposition@hotmail.com
buxiban@hotmail.com
plan2write@hotmail.com

考雅思托福--免费学英文作文 English Writing

学习英文写作，网上有白吃的午餐。有学生来信问我有那些超好的网站可利用。
我已经各别回复。我不便在此网志重复，以免侵犯别人的智慧财产权。

最好的教材是引导读者写最简单的英文。英美大学的作文网站非常精彩，属于大一或高中作文。对于准备托福与雅思的作文考试很有帮助。中文网站也有价值，只是有点走火入魔。

线写线改作文的广告，真真假假，我也不知道那一家好。有免费的先试试看，不会吃亏。这一行，我也做。我还代写。

外教改作文，时好时坏，因人而异。中教改作文，不见得不好。试试看吧。

阅读在写作之前，文法与翻译在二者之间 Grammar and Translation

我们在阅读英文的时候，难免心中想中文的意思，这就是英翻中文。我们在英文写作的时候，也难免用中文想，这就是中翻英文。中文支持英文，是替代，不能混用。中文是中文。英文是英文。在翻译的心态过程中，意义越接近越好，文法越远离越好。

英文文法包含修辞，句型，字库，即是指语言生动，句型变化，用字恰当。我们学习写作，完全要合乎文法规则。了解英文文法规则最有效的方式正是阅读。深而广的阅读会自然的攘我们体会正确的英文用语，用句，用字。这种文法知识绝对在写作时用得上。

文法和翻译的能力显然来自阅读。总而言之，阅读最重要，是写作的动力。翻译引导写作虽非必然，但是也无法避免。熟练英文文法规则，在写作的时候才做得到写出来的英文像英文，不像中文。

由此观之，学习英文写作必须加强阅读，认识文法，体会翻译，勤练作文。

作文范文对托福和雅思考试有用吗？English 写作

回答陈同学：

托福和雅思作文有题库，网上不难找到历年的考古题。几乎每一真题都有不同的范文。我建议你想看就看，不必认真，更不要背。依我之见，先注意作论文的基本要点--主题，结构，内容。学习作者作文的布局的技巧和举实例支持主题的精彩之处。我已经电函10篇托福范文和20篇雅思范文到你的信箱。这30篇论文，平均每篇约300英文字。我欣赏作者的构思才能，值得参考。

我警告你不要背范文。原因是文法问题，还有是有些句子太中文味。我们须要学习的是修辞，句型，字库。也就是说用语，用句，用字。在给你的信中，我提出我的意见，如何学习到用语生动，用句变化，用字恰当。广义的文法就包含这一切。

另外，我传寄30篇英美名作，都是短篇，你会用得上。难句有我的讲解。有疑问时，可以写信问我，用中文或英文写都行。

祝好

谢老师
南美智利

TOEFL IELTS Writing 批改英文作文有感

线写线改的工作，我越做越有趣。我有学生，母语是西班牙文，也有学生，是国内同学们。我的课程之一是要他们用西班牙文或中文写一篇类似雅思或托福的论说文。都写得不错。有主题，结构，内容。回信时，我把他们的习作改写为英文，并加说明英文的修辞，句型，字库。

第二篇作文练习，还是我出题，但是用英文写。结果是英文的问题，不是作文的问题。用字不恰当，用句少变化，用语不生动。我一一把每一篇习作用英文改写寄回去。当然少不了中文或西班牙文的解释。

第三篇以后的作文练习，我还是继续做改写的工作。同时，我也提供我自编的教材，
加上修辞，句型，字库的要义。看得出来，学生们每次都有进步。做老师的乐趣就在这里。